Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a chronic condition that affects millions of children and adults. Often ADHD extends from childhood into adulthood and is manifested into inattention, hyperactive and impulsive behavior. The symptoms can be treated successfully, while the condition itself persists throughout life.

Symptoms that may characterize ADHD include: 

1. Inattentiveness 
2. Hyperactivity
3. Mood swings
4. Irritability and angry temper
5. Impaired stress coping behavior 
6. Disorganization 
7. Impulsivity 
8. Forgetfulness 
9. Easily distracted
10. Fidgets or squirms frequently

A physician may be consulted if the symptoms: 

• Lasts more than six months
• Occurs in more than just one setting (typically at home and at school)
• Regularly disrupts school, play and other daily activities
• Causes problems in relationships with adults and other children

Many adults have ADHD and don’t know it. They often feel it is impossible to get organized, keep a job, or remember and keep appointments. Daily tasks such as getting up in the morning, preparing to leave the house for work, arriving at work on time, and being productive on the job can be especially challenging.

Those who had ADHD as children may have a history of failure at school, problems at work, failed relationships, and traffic accidents. They may be restless or try to complete several tasks at once, preferring “quick fixes,” and often experience unsuccessful results.

There are several factors that play a role in ADHD some of which are inherited traits. Individuals and parents should not blame themselves for an ADHD diagnosis in themselves or their children. Some of the factors include:

• Altered brain function and anatomy – Brain scans have revealed important differences in the structure and brain activity of ADHD patients. For example, there appears to be less activity in the areas of the brain that control activity and attention.
• Heredity – ADHD tends to run in families. About one in four patients have at least one relative with the disorder.
• Maternal smoking, drug use and exposure to toxins – Pregnant women who smoke are at greater risk of having children with ADHD. Alcohol or drug abuse during pregnancy may reduce activity of the nerve cells. Pregnant women who are exposed to environmental poisons are also more likely to have children with ADHD symptoms. 
• Childhood exposure to environmental toxins – Preschool children especially are at increased risk of developmental and behavioral problems with lead poisoning or environmental poisons.

Treatment is very rewarding with stimulant and non-stimulant medications. Additionally, ADHD counseling and therapy assist in the social aspects of the disorder. Dr. Charkawi is skilled in developing an overall program that includes a daily plan of disciplined routine, exercise and nutrition, medicinal regimen and social therapy. He keenly understands that ADHD affects the entire family and as such, works towards a comprehensive solution.